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| 文獻摘要：蝦青素在心血管健康與疾病中的作用 |
| 發布時間：2015/9/21 8:45:18 閱讀次數：318 |
發生氧化應激和產生炎癥會導致動脈粥樣硬化引起的心血管疾病。然而，維生素E，C和β-胡蘿卜素在心血管疾病方面所進行的抗氧化測試表明它們不能有效減少心血管疾病，降低死亡率。雖然這些結果可能有實驗設計方面的缺陷，但是，人們一直在尋找新的，更有效的抗氧化物質。蝦青素就是一種更強的抗氧化物質，它是一種類胡羅卜素，存在于微藻，真菌，植物，海鮮，火烈鳥及鵪鶉中，具有抗氧化和消炎的作用。有限的短期內的小樣本研究已經評估了蝦青素的抗氧化能力、消炎作用，同時還調查了它的生物有效性和安全性。到目前為止沒有發現明顯不良反應，而且研究發現隨著蝦青素的供應氧化應激和炎癥會減弱。利用心臟缺血再灌注模型對幾種動物進行研究，表明缺血誘導前無論口服還是注射蝦青素都可以起到心肌保護的作用。雖然利用蝦青素進行人體臨床心血管研究尚未報道，但是鑒于蝦青素在心血管實驗研究，以及物理化學、抗氧化性及安全性的良好結果，其臨床研究勢在必行。
Oxidative stress and inflammation are established processes contributing to cardiovascular disease caused by atherosclerosis. However, antioxidant therapies tested in cardiovascular disease such as vitamin E, C and β-carotene have proved unsuccessful at reducing cardiovascular events and mortality. Although these outcomes may reflect limitations in trial design, new, more potent antioxidant therapies are being pursued. Astaxanthin, a carotenoid found in microalgae, fungi, complex plants, seafood, flamingos and quail is one such agent. It has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Limited, short duration and small sample size studies have assessed the effects of astaxanthin on oxidative stress and inflammation biomarkers and have investigated bioavailability and safety. So far no significant adverse events have been observed and biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation are attenuated with astaxanthin supplementation. Experimental investigations in a range of species using a cardiac ischaemia-reperfusion model demonstrated cardiac muscle preservation when astaxanthin is administered either orally or intravenously prior to the induction of ischaemia. Human clinical cardiovascular studies using astaxanthin therapy have not yet been reported. On the basis of the promising results of experimental cardiovascular studies and the physicochemical and antioxidant properties and safety profile of astaxanthin, clinical trials should be undertaken.
（Fassett R G, Coombes J S. Astaxanthin in cardiovascular health and disease. Molecules. 2012, 17(2): 2030-2048. ）
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